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Filtering with the HAVING Clause

Using the HAVING filter enables you to apply filtration to a metric after all containing metrics and aggregation functions have been computed.

In MAQL, the WHERE clause is used to perform basic filtration on your data before it has been aggregated. In some cases, you may want to filter your metric data after it has been aggregated, so that you can make conditional evaluations based on the results of the computations within the metric.

HAVING clause filtration is applied after all other conditions of the metric have been resolved.

You cannot apply the HAVING keyword in a metric that contains a WHERE clause.

Syntax

SELECT ... HAVING ...

If your metric contains multiple keywords, they must be listed in alphabetical order:

SELECT (...) (BY ...) (FOR ...) (WHERE...|HAVING ...) (WITH PF|WITHOUT PF)

Restrictions

Suppose you have created a metric containing the following:

SELECT SUM(Sales) BY Quarter,Product HAVING Region = West

However, since there is no direct relationship between Quarter and Region or between Product and Region, the HAVING clause conditions are ignored.

However, if the HAVING clause included Quarter, Year, Product, or Product Category, then the filter would be applied.

A HAVING filter is only applied if the data model supports its evaluation.

Examples

SELECT SUM(Sales) BY Quarter,Product HAVING Region = West

SELECT SUM(amount) BY Region, Quarter HAVING Year = 2014

SELECT SUM(amount) BY Quarter FOR PREVIOUS(Quarter) HAVING Year = 2014 WITHOUT PARENT FILTER

The last MAQL statement above returns values for amount for the quarter before this one, displaying only results from 2014. No parent filters are applied.

Filtering with the LIKE Clause